The Japanese electronics industry has experienced significant growth with global influence since the mid-20th century. From the 1960s to the 1980s, innovative products such as transistor radios, color televisions, and video cassette recorders (VCRs) emerged, earning worldwide recognition for the "Made in Japan" quality. During this period, companies like Sony, Panasonic, and Sharp became synonymous with technological innovation. However, the advancements of globalization in the late 1990s allowed Korean and Chinese companies to capture market share, momentarily placing Japanese firms in a difficult position. In response to these challenges, the Japanese industry advanced product functionality, improved quality, and invested in environmental technologies. As a result, their competitive edge in the market has been reinforced.
Currently, Japanese manufacturers have established a strong position in the global market, particularly in the production of semiconductors, sensor technologies, and electronic components. The projected global production value of the electronics information industry for 2024 is approximately 527 trillion yen, with Japanese companies accounting for about 41.5638 trillion yen*1. According to the Electronic Components Association, Japanese companies held an 8% share of the global electronics information industry's production value in 2023, with Japanese component manufacturers securing about 33% of the market share in electronic components*2. This is evidence of the high regard for Japanese technological capabilities and product quality. Furthermore, proactive integration of next-generation technologies such as AI, IoT, and robotics is paving new paths in both product development and market strategies.
Having overcome past difficulties, the Japanese electronics industry is looking towards a sustainable and innovative future. This article delves into the market trends and industry structure of the electronics sector, highlighting major companies and the skills required for various roles. Additionally, it outlines career paths within the industry, with a particular focus on the job-hunting process for international students.
1. Major Companies and Business Areas
The Japanese electronics industry, to maintain its competitiveness, has seen many leading companies invest in innovative technologies and product development. This section details representative companies and the innovations they are bringing to the market.
1.1 Sony Corporation
Known globally for its diverse range of innovative electronic products, including image sensors, gaming consoles, and professional video cameras.
The company is particularly focused on the research of AI and robotics technologies, using these advancements to enhance user experiences through new products and services.
In its entertainment business, Sony is exploring new revenue streams through digital content offerings, including the PlayStation Network and Sony's Spider-Man Universe, among films and music.
1.2 Fujifilm Corporation
Starting from its original photographic film business, Fujifilm has leveraged its technology and expertise to expand into various sectors, including digital imaging, medical technology, and biotechnology.
In the medical field, the company is focusing on advanced diagnostic imaging systems, contributing to improved diagnostic accuracy through cancer screening and treatment support systems.
In the field of high-performance materials, Fujifilm leads the industry with the development of display films and optical materials essential for enhancing the performance of electronic devices. These materials significantly improve the display performance of smartphones and tablets, enhancing color reproduction and durability, thereby greatly improving consumer experiences. Fujifilm’s R&D team uses these high-performance materials to contribute not only to their business but also to the evolution of the entire electronics industry.
1.3 Panasonic Corporation
Widely known for its consumer electronics and battery technology, especially achieving significant success in the electric vehicle lithium-ion battery market through its collaboration with Tesla.
The company is accelerating investments in smart home technologies, offering energy-efficient residential solutions that enhance the quality of life for consumers and contribute to environmental protection.
Panasonic is also providing corporate solutions that support the automation and efficiency of business processes, facilitating digital transformation and offering technologies and services that enhance operational efficiency.
1.4 Sharp Corporation
With a long history in innovating LCD technology, Sharp produces a large number of high-resolution and energy-efficient displays.
The company is also focusing on the development of smart home appliances utilizing IoT technology, providing products that integrate closely into consumers' daily lives.
Sharp is committed to business solutions, offering customizable digital signage and information display solutions tailored to corporate needs.
1.5 Fujitsu Limited
Centered on Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Fujitsu provides advanced IT solutions across a wide range of industries. Utilizing cutting-edge technologies such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and data analysis, the company supports corporate digital transformations.
Fujitsu is also highly regarded for its security technologies, offering advanced information security management and cybersecurity measures to help build reliable IT environments for businesses and organizations.
2. Research and Development and Innovation
Research and development (R&D) in Japan's electronics industry plays a crucial role in driving sustained technological and product innovation. Amid intensifying competition with foreign companies, Japanese electronics manufacturers are required to actively embrace these innovations to ensure a competitive advantage.
2.1 AI and Automation
The Japanese electronics industry has achieved improvements in production efficiency and quality control through the integration of AI and automation technologies. Particularly in semiconductor manufacturing and the assembly of precision electronic components, AI-driven robotics has advanced the automation of production lines, achieving high precision and speed. This has enabled reductions in manufacturing costs and production time, strengthening the competitiveness of Japanese companies both domestically and internationally.
Specific applications include:
AI technology for fast and accurate quality inspections: Sony has developed a system that utilizes image recognition AI on production lines to instantly detect product defects. This technology has significantly improved inspection accuracy and reduced quality assurance costs.
Data-driven maintenance scheduling systems: Panasonic has built a system that uses AI to predict equipment failures and perform necessary maintenance in advance. This system has reduced downtime on production lines and improved overall operational efficiency.
2.2 Ecotechnology
As interest in sustainable manufacturing technologies grows, Japanese electronics manufacturers are focusing on developing eco-friendly products and processes. Advances in the use of renewable energy and recyclable materials are enhancing the cost-efficiency of product life cycles while minimizing environmental impact.
Specific applications include:
Development of recyclable battery technology: Research is advancing in recyclable battery technologies aimed at reducing environmental impact and effectively utilizing resources. This enhances the sustainability of products and meets market demand for ecological products.
2.3 Healthcare and Biotechnology
In the fields of medical devices and biotechnology, Japanese companies are advancing cutting-edge research. Developments such as portable diagnostic kits and wearable health monitors are opening new possibilities for personalized and preventive medicine.
Specific applications include:
Real-time health monitoring system using smartwatches: Seiko has developed a system that uses wearable devices to monitor users' heart rate, body temperature, and other vital signs in real-time. This technology improves the quality of preventive medicine and health management, offering personalized health solutions.
3. Roles and Skills by Job Category
In Japan's electronics industry, job roles are classified into broad categories based on specialized skills and functions, each playing a crucial role in supporting the industry's competitiveness.
3.1 Research and Development
R&D personnel are at the forefront of technological innovation in the industry, responsible for developing new technologies and products. This role is generally divided into two main types: basic research and applied research.
Basic Research: This sector primarily pursues theories and principles, focusing on innovative technology development for 5 to 10 years into the future. Basic research often progresses in collaboration with universities and research institutions as part of industry-academic joint projects, aiming to generate new business models and product ideas.
Applied Research: Applied research emphasizes the application of insights gained from basic research to actual product development. It involves improving existing products and developing new ones for rapid market introduction.
Skills Required
Specialized knowledge and technical background
Logical thinking and problem-solving skills
Project management abilities
Communication skills and teamwork
Career Path
Junior Researcher: Initially responsible for basic research and data collection under the guidance of senior researchers.
Researcher: Gains independence in research, develops deep knowledge in specific areas, and works to turn personal ideas into reality.
Lead Researcher: As a team leader, manages multiple projects and translates research outcomes into actual product development.
Head of R&D/Executive: Shapes the overall corporate research strategy, leads the development of new technologies, and plans for the future.
3.2 Production Quality Management
Responsible for overseeing the manufacturing process and quality control, ensuring efficient and effective production.
Production Management: Production managers supervise the entire manufacturing process, handling production planning, scheduling, inventory control, and quality assurance. They continuously seek ways to maximize production efficiency and reduce costs.
Quality Control: Quality control personnel ensure products meet the company's stringent quality standards. They monitor and evaluate quality, analyze defects, and implement improvement measures.
Skills Required
Problem-solving skills
High attention to detail
Knowledge of statistics and data analysis
Communication skills and teamwork
Career Path
Production Manager/Quality Control Officer: Responsible for production planning and quality monitoring, investigating problems, and proposing improvements.
Head of Production/Quality Control: Manages the department, devising strategies to ensure production efficiency and quality.
3.3 System Engineer
Handles the development, operation, and management of the company's IT infrastructure, ensuring the maintenance of necessary software and hardware for efficient business processes.
Skills Required
Problem-solving skills
Programming skills
Management and execution of IT projects
Career Path
Junior System Engineer: Learns basic technical tasks such as system design and program implementation.
System Engineer: Takes on more advanced projects to improve the efficiency and stability of the company's IT systems.
System Architect/System Integrator: Oversees the design and management of the entire system, strategically maintaining the company’s IT infrastructure.
IT Department Head/CTO: Formulates the company's IT strategy, promoting optimal system design and management throughout the organization.
3.4 Plant Engineer/Facility Engineer
Responsible for designing, building, and maintaining manufacturing equipment and related infrastructure, ensuring the efficiency and stability of manufacturing processes.
Skills Required
Specialized knowledge
Problem-solving skills
Proficiency in engineering software
Project management abilities
Career Path
Junior Engineer: Supports the design and maintenance of facilities and machinery, gaining practical technical knowledge.
Plant Engineer/Facility Engineer: Plays a central role in designing, operating, and troubleshooting factories and facilities.
Plant Manager: Oversees the operation of the plant, strategically managing to achieve efficient manufacturing.
3.5 Sales
The sales role includes technical sales personnel, who have a technical background and provide specific technical solutions to customers, and liberal arts sales personnel, who handle broader negotiations and customer management. While both roles differ, they share a common requirement of product knowledge and a customer-centric approach. Technical sales emphasize the technical aspects of products, whereas liberal arts sales approach product sales from a broader business perspective. The diversity of these roles enables a comprehensive sales strategy based on product characteristics and market needs, supporting the company’s success in the market.
Skills Required
Technical Sales Engineer:
Communication skills
Technical knowledge and understanding of products
Ability to grasp customer needs and make proposals based on them
Ability to deploy sales strategies
Understanding of market trends and marketing knowledge
Liberal Arts Sales Personnel:
Communication skills
Presentation and persuasion skills
Ability to grasp customer needs and make proposals based on them
Ability to plan and execute sales strategies
Long-term customer relationship building and management
Understanding of market trends and marketing knowledge
Leadership
Career Path
Junior Sales Personnel: Acquires basic product knowledge and makes basic product explanations and proposals to customers.
Sales Representative/Sales Engineer: Makes technical proposals tailored to customer needs and finalizes negotiations.
Sales Manager/Sales Department Head: Responsible for planning and executing sales strategies, leading a team to achieve sales targets.
3.6 Intellectual Property/Legal Department (Patent Engineer)
Protects the rights of products and technologies and manages the company's intellectual assets. Patent engineers are experts in the patent application process and play a critical role in maintaining competitive advantage.
Skills Required
Knowledge of patent law and intellectual property rights
Analytical thinking and research capabilities
Document creation and interpretation skills
Communication and negotiation skills
Ability to handle legal issues
Career Path
Junior Patent Engineer: Handles basic tasks related to patent applications, including creating patent-related documents and conducting investigations.
Patent Engineer: Develops patent strategies, supervises patent applications, and engages in activities to protect intellectual property rights.
Head of Intellectual Property Department: Formulates the company's intellectual property strategy and manages and optimizes the overall patent portfolio.
3.7 Marketing/Product Planning
Analyzes market demand and develops new products tailored to consumer preferences. This role requires creativity and market analysis skills.
Skills Required
Market analysis skills
Approach to product development
Marketing plan formulation
Communication skills
Presentation skills
Project management abilities
Leadership
Career Path
Marketing Assistant: Conducts market research and analyzes consumer trends to provide data for product development.
Marketing Officer/Product Planner: Leads specific marketing strategies and product development projects.
Marketing Department Head/Product Planning Department Head: Formulates the company's marketing strategy and oversees everything from product planning to market introduction.
The above job categories are central to forming a career path in the electronics industry, requiring a range of abilities from technical knowledge to marketing skills and legal expertise. As the industry evolves, the demands on each job category continue to change, making continuous learning and skill updates essential. Professionals in these roles play critical roles at every stage of the product lifecycle, from design to market introduction and legal protection.
4. The Appeal of Working for Japanese Electronics Manufacturers
4.1 Salary Levels
Japanese companies: The salary levels at Japanese electronics manufacturers are generally stable, with solid base pay. The culture of seniority remains strong, leading to gradual salary increases based on years of service. Reflecting the overall mood of wage increases in Japan, the industry is also experiencing successive raises. Many companies offer bonuses once or twice a year, which is another attractive element for employees.
Foreign companies: Foreign manufacturers often offer comparatively higher salary levels, particularly initial salaries higher than those of Japanese companies. Performance-based evaluations are common, allowing for significant pay increases in a short period, though they also come with greater pressure to perform.
4.2 Job Stability and Career Development Opportunities
Japanese companies: Japanese electronics manufacturers guarantee long-term employment and provide stable career paths. Many companies boast an average tenure exceeding 15 years, supporting the long-term growth and development of their employees. This stability motivates employees to work towards long-term goals with a sense of security.
Foreign companies: Employment is more fluid at foreign manufacturers due to the predominance of performance-based evaluations. However, the opportunities for career advancement are rapid, and the benefit of gaining multinational experience is significant.
4.3 Benefits
Japanese companies: The benefits offered by Japanese electronics manufacturers are very comprehensive, including family allowances and housing support, which support employees' overall lives. This enables employees to maintain a work-life balance and easily reconcile work with family life.
Foreign companies: While salaries are higher in foreign companies, benefits can vary by position and career level and may not be as comprehensive as those offered by Japanese companies. Although higher salaries are available, inadequate benefits can impact the quality of life.
4.4 Investment in Research and Development
Japanese companies: Japanese electronics manufacturers consistently invest in research and development, providing employees with a stable environment in which to work. This supports long-term technological development and innovation.
Foreign companies: Although foreign companies make substantial investments to enhance competitiveness in the global market, sudden changes or interruptions in projects can occur. Access to new technologies and treatments is quick, but the associated risks due to changes are also high.
4.5 Organizational Culture and Work-Life Balance
Japanese companies: Japanese firms are characterized by a strong sense of solidarity and cooperation among employees. Efforts to prioritize work-life balance are progressing, creating a more comfortable working environment.
Foreign companies: In foreign firms, horizontal communication is encouraged, and decision-making is swift. Flexible work practices are possible, making it easier to achieve work-life balance. However, the high performance demanded can also lead to pressure.
In summary, Japanese electronics manufacturers offer an attractive work environment for employees, providing salary stability, generous benefits, a stable research environment, and a cooperative organizational culture.
5. Selection Process for Manufacturers
The selection process in the electronics industry involves several common steps, similar to other industries, and different skills or elements are required at each step. Particularly, there are specific processes and evaluation criteria unique to Japanese companies, making preparation essential. Here is an outline of the selection process that international university students aiming to build a career in electronics manufacturers typically follow:
University Life
Industry Research
Entry Sheet Submission
Aptitude Test
Interviews
Internship
Final Interview → Job Offer
Each step includes tips on how students should prepare and respond.
5.1 University Life (From August of Freshman Year to Entry)
Overview: In the electronics industry, a deep understanding of product design and production technology is often required, making it advantageous to belong to related faculties or laboratories, especially in fields like mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, or chemical engineering. Furthermore, teamwork and problem-solving skills are valued, making active participation in group projects and extracurricular activities beneficial.
Tips: Participating in contests, conferences, and research presentations related to production technology can deepen your expertise and accumulate practical experience. Even for students in humanities, taking courses related to mechanical engineering, industrial design, or manufacturing technology can be a selling point during interviews and on entry sheets.
5.2 Industry Research (From June of Sophomore Year to Entry)
Overview: Understanding the latest trends and developments in the industry can aid in choosing companies and in discussions during interviews, especially advancements in robotics, AI, and IoT-enabled production technologies. Attending company briefings and employee visits can also provide insights into the industry.
Tips: Staying informed about market trends and understanding product development and market strategies can provide material for discussion in interviews. Utilize tools like Jelper Club and LinkedIn to efficiently arrange visits with company employees, further deepening industry understanding.
5.3 Entry Sheet (From May of Junior Year to Entry Deadline)
Overview: In your self-promotion and motivation sections, it's essential not just to list skills and experiences but to demonstrate how these, combined with your background, can allow you to excel at the manufacturer. You should specifically illustrate how your strengths align with the industry and the company culture.
For technical positions, it's crucial to detail the specific technologies and knowledge you possess and how these can contribute to the company's growth and technological innovation.
Sample Entry Sheet Questions:
Fujifilm 2026 Graduate Technical Internship Selection:
Please write your motivation for applying to our internship and the reasons for choosing your desired course/job type. (up to 300 Japanese characters)
Describe your research. (up to 300 Japanese characters)
Discuss a core value you hold dear, including a specific episode that illustrates why you chose this value. (up to 300 characters)
Please list your strengths. (up to 100 characters)
Please list your weaknesses. (up to 100 characters)
Fujifilm 2026 Graduate Administrative Internship Selection:
Describe an activity you are passionate about that you want to engage in for a month. The activity does not need to be completed within one month. (up to 400 characters)
Panasonic 2026 Graduate Technical Internship Selection:
Reason for interest in the internship theme.
Describe a creative approach you took in your research.
Describe a new proposal you made and implemented within a team or organization.
What would you like to challenge during the internship?
Sony Group 2026 Graduate Technical Internship Selection:
Describe a project you have undertaken or are currently involved in, including the following points: (1) Background/Initiation, (2) Goals set, (3) Structure/Role, (4) Details you focused on, (5) Results and lessons learned, (6) How you plan to apply these lessons in the future.
Select an area/category of products or services you are currently interested in.
Provide an overview of the theme you are most engaged with in your graduation/master's thesis or a major class. (up to 500 characters)
Enter details of the work undertaken in your seminar or laboratory (if not applicable, write 'None'). If you belong to a scientific lab, you must include details of your research. (up to 500 characters)
Tips: Have multiple people review your entry sheet to incorporate objective opinions and create a professional, clear document.
5.4 Aptitude Test (From June of Junior Year to Aptitude Test Deadline)
Overview: In the electronics industry, candidates may be required to take aptitude tests such as SPI or C-GAB. While many tests are available online, some may necessitate attendance at a test center, thus requiring prior verification. Students often struggle with the language and mathematics sections of these tests, so it's advisable to prepare using reference books in advance.
Recommended SPI preparation books:
Tips:
Even students proficient in English may find the language or mathematics sections challenging. It's crucial to prepare with reference books and familiarize yourself with the question formats.
If you need to take the test at a test center, adjust your schedule in advance and verify the test location and method.
5.5 Interviews (From October of Junior Year to June of Senior Year)
Overview: Candidates' enthusiasm, understanding of the industry, and logical reasoning are evaluated. Teamwork and communication skills are also important evaluation points. Candidates need to articulate how their past activities and experiences can contribute to the company. Below are some expected questions, but candidates should also consider adding questions or delving deeper based on their circumstances.
Self-Introduction
Self-Promotion
Strengths and Weaknesses
Motivation for Applying
Motivation for the Industry
Company-Specific Motivation (by Job Role)
Experiences of Setbacks
Efforts During Student Life
For technical or research positions: Details of Research
Long-Term Career Plans
Questions about the Company Culture and Values
Status of Applications to Other Companies
Work Location Preferences (including the possibility of relocation)
Tips:
Always respond logically. Especially in research positions, ensure there is no discrepancy between your claims and the evidence.
Prepare specific and compelling answers not only for your self-introduction but also for the questions asked. Conduct yourself with politeness and confidence.
When asked questions involving specialized knowledge, such as about your research, ensure your answers are understandable even to those unfamiliar with the field.
Actively practice for interviews and seek objective feedback on how you are perceived by others. Take this feedback seriously and use it to improve your responses for future interviews.
5.6 Internship (From June of Junior Year to June of Senior Year)
Overview: Participating in internships allows you to experience the process of project development, planning, and research-related tasks specific to the job. This experience can be a strong selling point in interviews and on entry sheets, providing a significant advantage during the selection process.
Tips: Internships provide firsthand experience with the workflow and highlight the importance of teamwork.
5.7 Final Interview (From October of Senior Year to June of Senior Year)
Overview: The final interview involves a comprehensive assessment of candidates, especially their passion for the industry and the company. More in-depth questions and discussions occur than in earlier rounds, requiring thorough preparation.
Tips: Show your industry knowledge and passion more than in previous interviews, emphasizing experiences from internships, projects, or research. Mentioning overall industry trends and developments can also enhance your impression.
Be sure to check each company's recruitment page for the latest selection schedules and application details, as schedules can change annually and may vary for international students.
6. Conclusion
The electronics industry is one of Japan's most critical sectors, gathering many professionals who support technological innovation and product development. In recent years, the industry has been particularly noted for its efforts to enhance product quality and efficient production management while delivering new values that meet consumer needs. The electronics industry offers a wide range of career paths, from technical roles to sales, marketing, and intellectual property, each forming the foundation of corporate competitiveness.
At Jelper Club, we provide the perfect resources to explore these career paths, offering practical advice and information to those wishing to gain job experience in electronics manufacturing. Our platform features profiles of various industry companies and exclusive job listings available only through Jelper Club. Additionally, Jelper Club-hosted events like "Soirée Tokyo" are also attended by members who work in electronics manufacturing, making these gatherings an effective networking opportunity. Participants have the chance to share and learn about the latest industry trends, career tips, and selection process information. Jelper Club plans to continue actively posting job listings in this field, offering attractive career opportunities. Members are encouraged to regularly check "Job Updates."
Furthermore, Jelper Club will continue to publish articles explaining various industries and job roles. Members are encouraged to actively post questions and inquiries about industries of interest on the "Thread" to enhance their understanding and engagement.
(Editor: Jelper Club Editorial Team)
Sources and Notes
１.「電子情報産業の世界生産額は24年527兆円、過去最高更新に寄与する新ビジネス」（ニュースイッチ）：
２.「日本の電子部品産業の強み」（電子部品部会）：
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